Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance of the Logistics System of the Iranian Army Ground Forces (NEZAJA) in humanitarian assistance operations during natural disasters from 2018 to 2023. The main focus is identifying strengths and weaknesses in supply, human resources, and training to enhance defense-relief capabilities.
Methodology: This study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical with a mixed approach (qualitative and quantitative). The statistical population consisted of logistics experts and commanders of NEZAJA. Using Cochran's formula, a sample of 100 individuals was selected. Data collection tools included semi-structured interviews with experts (for content validity) and a researcher-made questionnaire with Cronbach's alpha reliability (>0.7). Data were analyzed using SPSS software via one-sample t-test and Chi-square (X²) tests.
Findings: Qualitative findings revealed challenges in inter-sectoral coordination and aging heavy transport fleets. In the quantitative section, t-test results showed that overall logistics performance in "reaction speed" and "human resources" components was above the theoretical mean, but there was a significant gap from the optimal state in "specialized crisis equipment" and "in-service training" components. Furthermore, the Chi-square test indicated a significant relationship between personnel service history and satisfaction with the distribution system performance.
Conclusion: Despite rapid response and personnel dedication, the NEZAJA logistics system requires a transition from a traditional approach to smart and network-centric logistics in crisis management. It is suggested to adopt a more flexible organizational structure for disaster units and increase joint exercises with civil institutions.