The rapid evolution of military technologies and the emergence of hybrid warfare have underscored the necessity of redefining combat readiness within air defense systems. This study aims to develop a scientific and indigenous framework for enhancing the combat readiness of weapon and surveillance systems in the air defense battalions of the Iranian Army’s Ground Force under hybrid warfare conditions. The research is applied in nature and adopts a descriptive–analytical design using a mixed-methods approach. In the qualitative phase, data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 13 air defense experts and commanders and analyzed using content analysis. In the quantitative phase, a 63-item questionnaire was distributed among 120 commanders of battalions and fire units, and the data were analyzed using SPSS software. The findings revealed that combat readiness improvement is achieved through the synergy of three key dimensions: the technical–equipment dimension (system modernization, technical resilience, data-network integration), the human–training dimension (technical competence, combined training, and psychological readiness), and the organizational–command dimension (rapid decision-making, cross-domain coordination, and C4ISR integration). Statistical tests (Chi-square and contingency coefficient) confirmed a significant positive relationship between these dimensions and combat readiness at a 95% confidence level. Accordingly, the proposed conceptual model provides a practical framework for improving training, modernizing equipment, and enhancing command efficiency in air defense units